Clinical Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extracts on MRSA and VRSA Isolates

Abstract

To reduce the high costs of allopathic treatments and to combat microbial resistance to antibiotics, plant extracts comprising a
variety of phytochemicals are known to have antibacterial properties. According to this study, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) are susceptible to the antimicrobial effects of Neem
(Azadirachta indica), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), and leaf extracts (VRSA). S. aureus ATCC 25923 culture was cultivated on Brain Heart
Infusion (BHI) agar Mannitol salt agar (MSA) and incubated for an entire night at 37 °C. Later, two sets of MHA plates were
inoculated with one milliliter (mL) of fresh cultures. The antibiotic discs were placed on the surface of Mueller Hinton agar (MHA)
plates and the Neem and Tulsi extracts on other set of MHA plates. A sum of 105 MRSA and VRSA isolates from 148 clinical samples were investigated, which revealed that the ethanolic leaf extract of Neem has a greater effect in 15 mm and Tulsi 13.5 mm zones respectively at 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 0.9 mL/100 mL (v/v). Spectroscopy revealed values of 0.168, 0.141, 0.127, 0.076, and 0.153, 0.113 and 0.113, 0.056 at A600. According to these findings, neem and Tulsi have a substantial impact on test strains and can be employed in a variety of pharmaceutical preparations as well as at-home therapy in the form of juice or paste.