Bioassay Test of Allelopathic Potential of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) against Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek)

Abstract

The Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has been well- documented for its high allelopathic potential against different weeds and crop plants. The allelochemicals released by Helianthus annuus influenced the germination and growth of other species. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to elucidate the allelopathic potential of H. annuus against Vigna radiata. In this research study laboratory experiments comprised of petri- plate trials which were accomplished by the application sunflower whole plant extracts in different concentrations as 4%, 8% and 12% extract to the germinating seedlings of test crops while the control seedlings were treated with distilled water. Greenhouse experiments were distinguished by whole plant powder was incorporated with soil in different amounts like 4, 8 and 12 g applied to the potted plants, whereas control plants were only filled with soil. The growth parameters like percent germination, germination index, radicle and plumule elongation, seedlings growth, fresh and dry weights and chlorophyll contents of test crop were significantly inhibited by the application of extracts as well as with powder 12 % extract showed greatest inhibition in the growth parameters of test crop. During this research study, the plumule lengths of V. radiata were much more affected by the extract concentration as compared to control. Powder extract also contained phytotoxic compounds that caused remarkable reduction in plant heights and chlorophyll contents of test species. It was obvious during this research study that V. radiata was resistant against the phytotoxic effects of sunflower. So, it can be concluded from this research observed the allelopathic effects of sunflower extract and powder showed inhibitory effects on different growth parameters which all are essential for plant growth. The main objective of present study is to explore the allelopathic effects of sunflower against mung bean, to determine the bioassay test of different plant parameters of test crop and allelopathic effect during plant growth.