Utilizing Food Waste of Generate Biogas in Urban Areas for Engaging Plastic Biogas Digestion

Abstract

Biogas may be created anaerobically by a consortium of microorganisms digesting biomaterial under regulated circumstances. Methane (50–70%), carbon dioxide (25–50%), nitrogen (0–2%), oxygen (0–0.3%), hydrogen (0–1%), hydrogen sulfide (0–2%), and water (2–7%) are the primary components of biogas. Food waste is being employed as a raw material in the generation of biogas. Anaerobic digestion was maintained in a metal circular digester using a hot water circulation system and an autonomous temperature control system. Overwater, biogas was collected in a separate container. Temperature and pH control were measured on a regular basis using a thermocouple probe in the 20°–40°C range and a pH meter, respectively. The data demonstrated that the anaerobic food waste digestion system was extremely sensitive to changes in the microenvironment and substrate loading. The additional substrate was regularly meshed with water to increase surface area and decrease digestion time in a predetermined proportion. Data showed that food waste (bread, curry, rice, etc.) generated about 607 liters (21.428 cu ft) of biogas, which was equivalent to 152 minutes of burning time for 1380/18400 g/liter of substrate fed. The biogas produced gave off a blue flame on burning. Due to its inflammable and odorless nature, this gas can effectively be used for cooking, heating, or lighting. In addition to biogas production, the effluent, or byproduct, of the digester can be used as liquid fertilizer. Based on the data, it is determined that the plastics or related materials used to create the bio-digester model or design are inexpensive and hence may be used economically indoors for burning purposes.