Spatio-Temporal Differences in The Water Quality of Nullah Palkhu on Various Locations of Districts Sialkot & Gujranwala, Pakistan

Authors

  • Mohsin Ali College of Earth and Environmental Sceinces, University of the Punjab, Lahore-5400, Pakistan
  • Mubeeb Arif Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat-50700, Pakistan
  • Khizar Hayat Bhatti Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat-50700, Pakistan
  • Abeer Zahra Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat-50700, Pakistan
  • Ejaz Hussain Siddiqi Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat-50700, Pakistan
  • Noshia Arshad Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat-50700, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Ajaib Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur-10250,AJk, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Ishtiaq Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur-10250,AJk, Pakistan
  • Tanveer Hussain Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur-10250,AJk, Pakistan
  • Sana Riaz Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-74000, Pakistan
  • Muhammad Faheem Siddiqui Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-74000, Pakistan

Keywords:

Gujranwala, Nullah Palkhu, Sialkot, Spatio-Temporal Variations, Water Contaminants, Water Quality

Abstract

Spatial and temporal changes in the water value of Nullah Palkhu were studied from June (Pre-Monsoon) to September (post-Monsoon) 2017. The samples were analysed for total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, pH, turbidity, chlorine, total hardness, nitrate, salinity, calcium, magnesium, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, iron, lead, and cadmium. The tests were performed in the research laboratory of the Pakistan Council for Research in Water Resources. Most parameters were above the acceptable limit. The Spatio-Temporal variations were evident from the fact that the results of samples collected from upstream locations had lesser contamination as compared with the samples collected from downstream locations. It indicated that industrial, domestic and agricultural, etc. wastes were dumped into the lower stream segments, which play a key role in contamination. The results indicate the necessary control of human actions in the catchment of Nullah Palkhu and highlight the significance of restoration.

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Published

2023-07-05

How to Cite

Mohsin Ali, Mubeeb Arif, Khizar Hayat Bhatti, Abeer Zahra, Ejaz Hussain Siddiqi, Noshia Arshad, Muhammad Ajaib, Muhammad Ishtiaq, Tanveer Hussain, Sana Riaz, & Muhammad Faheem Siddiqui. (2023). Spatio-Temporal Differences in The Water Quality of Nullah Palkhu on Various Locations of Districts Sialkot & Gujranwala, Pakistan. GU Journal of Phytosciences, 3(3), 196–203. Retrieved from https://jphytosci.com/index.php/GUJP/article/view/120

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): GU Journal of Phytosciences [July, 2023]

Section

Articles

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